Shang Dynasty wine vessels
Gou is a wine vessel from the 12th to 11th centuries BC, currently housed in the Minneapolis Museum of Art in the United States. This work is a tall wine glass, with its trumpet shaped top gradually narrowing to the slender center, and then expanding again to the slightly outward turned bottom. Archaeological evidence shows that bronze spears first appeared during the Erligang period of the Shang Dynasty. The gradual decline of wine vessels may be related to King Zhou's denigration of alcohol consumption, as he believed that excessive drinking led to the collapse of the Shang Dynasty. This temple is decorated with a variant of the gluttonous mask. The entire vessel has a tight spiral background pattern, known as the thunder pattern, which is a symbol of copper casting in the Shang Dynasty.
Late Shang Dynasty Bronze Square Cup
This square cup is a cultural relic from the late Shang Dynasty (13th century BC to 12th century BC), currently housed in the Minneapolis Museum of Art in the United States. Cup is one of the earliest Chinese bronze wares, dating back to the Erlitou period (2000 BC to 1600 BC). Archaeological excavations have found that there are more toasts and cups (another type of wine cup) than cauldrons (vessels used to hold food). Drinking was popular during the Shang Dynasty and early Western Zhou Dynasty (1600 BC to 977 BC), but gradually lost favor in the late Western Zhou Dynasty (885 BC to 771 BC) and eventually disappeared.
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